Corpus

This is a ~1 hour 3 minute talk titled "Cognition Emerges from Neural Dynamics" by Earl Miller (https://ekmillerlab.mit.edu/earl-miller/), given to our Center (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/), discussing the very important issue of analog field-based computations and cognitive dy

This is a ~1 hour discussion with Lisa Maroski (https://lisamaroski.com/) and Richard Watson (https://www.richardawatson.com/) about the role of language in shaping our thinking in the field of diverse intelligence and beyond.

This is a ~1 hour 12 minute talk and Q&A titled "DEMOCRITUS: Causality from Language" by Sridhar Mahadevan (https://people.cs.umass.edu/~mahadeva/Site/About_Me.html ), given in our Center's computational subgroup.

This is a ~52 minute talk and Q&A titled "Converging scientific model representations: analysis and knowledge transfer" by Soojung Yang (https://sites.google.com/view/soojungy/) given to our Center's computational subgroup.

This is a ~1 hour talk and discussion, comprising part 1 of a conversation with a really interesting young neuroscientist, as well as friend, collaborator, and our Center member, Nicolas Rouleau (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/nicolas-rouleau-ph-d/). Nic goes over unconventional a

This is a ~1 hour, 4 min talk titled "Experimental Evidence for Long-Distance Electrodynamic Intermolecular Forces" by Marco Pettini (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=uG58WXoAAAAJ&hl=it) given at our Center (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/).

This is a ~1 hour talk titled "Ideal Objects: AI, abstraction, and the nature of culture" by Jacob G. Foster (https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=dpuY5hkAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate) given for our Platonic Space symposium (https://thoughtforms.life/symposiu

This is a ~31 minute talk titled "Ontogenesis of the second brain" given in our Center by Nicolas Chivalier (http://nicochevalier.net/). Relevant preprint: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.10.23.684245v1

This is a ~17 minute talk titled "Psychedelic Healing" by Dr. Uroš Laban (https://www.youtube.com/@uroslaban) on the topic of psychedelics in neuroscience and medicine.

This is a ~1 hours 44 minute discussion among contributors to the Platonic Space Symposium (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a 1hr + 23 minutes talk and conversation with Thomas Seyfried, Derek Lee and Tomás Duraj (https://www.bc.edu/bc-web/schools/morrissey/departments/biology/people/faculty-directory/thomas-seyfried.html) and Juanita Mathews from my group (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/juanit

This is a ~53 minute talk + 14 minute Q&A titled "On Biological and Artificial Consciousness: a case for biological computationalism" by Borjan Milinkovic (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=AwaZbzsAAAAJ&hl=en) and Jaan Aru (https://scholar.google.de/citations?user=FvFOzS8

This is a ~57 minute talk titled "The Bioelectric Interface to the Collective Intelligence of Morphogenesis: development, regeneration, cancer, and beyond" which I gave at a UCSF seminar for an audience of graduate students and post-docs in Biophysics, Bioinformatics, and Chemica

This is a second conversation with Lisa Barrett (https://affective-science.org/), Karen Quigley (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=aZ3qhVUAAAAJ&hl=en), and Benjamin Lyons (https://interestingessays.substack.com/) about Relational Realism, allostasis, and questions of mind

This is a ~1 hour 5 minute talk and Q&A titled "Learning Dynamics from Statistics: a score-based approach for modeling complex systems" by Ludovico Giorgini (https://math.mit.edu/directory/profile.html?pid=2704).

This is a ~53 minute talk + Q&A titled "On the Mechanics of Cellular and Multicellular Active Matter" by Haiqian Yang (https://www.linkedin.com/in/haiqian-yang-974132181/), given to our Center (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/).

This is a discussion with with Lisa Feldman Barrett (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=WF5c0_8AAAAJ&hl=en), Benjamin Lyons (https://interestingessays.substack.com/), Eli Sennesh (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=3z4ALYgAAAAJ), Jordan Theriault-Brown (http://www.j

This is a ~1 hour 9 minute talk + Q&A titled "MorphogeneticScaffolds in Self-Organising Systems" by Milton Montero (https://github.com/miltonllera) given at our Center (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/).

This is a ~1.5 hour talk + discussion, titled "A Multiscale Logic of Collective Intelligence" by Donald Hoffman (https://sites.socsci.uci.edu/~ddhoff/) and Chetan Prakash (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Chetan-Prakash-2), with Robert Chis-Ciure (https://scholar.google.com/c

This is a ~1 hour 7 minute talk and Q&A, "From Entropy to Epiplexity: rethinking information for computationally bounded intelligence" by Marc Finzi (https://mfinzi.github.io/), Shikai Qiu, Yiding Jiang, Pavel Izmailov, J. Zico Kolter (https://zicokolter.com/), and Andrew Gordon

This is a ~1 hour 5 minute discussion with Amahury Jafet Lopez Diaz (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qHRB8YAAAAAJ&hl=en), Carlos Gershenson-Garcia (https://bingweb.binghamton.edu/~cgershensong/), and Richard Watson (https://www.richardawatson.com/). Stay tuned for part

With all of the talk about symposiums on Platonic forms lately, this is a good time to clip this section from a longer discussion with Levin and Vervaeke on causal ontology. Watch the whole thing here which has timestamps in the description. https://youtu.be/w1ah94fBtgU?si=k_Fd

This is a ~49 minute talk + Q&A titled "Leukemic cells hijack stromal bioelectricity to reprogram the bone marrow niche via CaV1.2-dependent mechanisms" by Martina Pigazzi (https://www.irpcds.org/principal-investigators/martina-pigazzi/) given to our Center (https://allencenter.t

This is a ~54 minute conversation with Darren Iammarino (https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=YNrxRaYAAAAJ&view_op=list_works) about open problems with respect to the Platonic Space model.

This is a ~1 hour conversation with (including a short talk by) Mijail Serruya (https://research.jefferson.edu/labs/researcher/serruya-research.html), Alessandro Napoli (https://www.linkedin.com/in/alessandro-napoli-8383a164/), and Wes Clawson (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/wesle

This is a 46 min talk + 21 min Q&A titled " by "Effects of Acoustic Waves on Microtubules and Cells with Potential Consequences for New Therapeutic Modalities" by Jack Tuszynski (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/jack-tuszynski-affiliate-research-scientist/, https://apps.ualberta.ca/

This is a ~41 minute talk by Pavel Chvykov titled "Why physical systems find Platonic patterns", given for our Platonic Space symposium (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/). In this talk, Pavel goes through a series of complex dynamical systems to illustr

This is a ~55 minute discussion following up on Nic's talk and our brief conversation (https://youtu.be/3talIGE_v9Y), comprising part 2 of a conversation with a really interesting young neuroscientist, as well as friend, collaborator, and our Center member, Nicolas Rouleau (https

This is a ~1 hour 40 minute discussion among contributors to the Platonic Space Hypothesis (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/)

This is a ~2 hours 4 minute discussion among contributors to the Platonic Space Symposium (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/)

This is a ~2 hours 8 minutes discussion among contributors to the Platonic Space Hypothesis (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a ~2 hour discussion among contributors to the Platonic Space Symposium (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a ~50 minute video on evolution from the perspective of diverse intelligence. I discuss 3 main things: the nature of the mapping between genotype and phenotype (an intelligent, problem-solving process that interprets genomic prompts, not simply a complex mechanical mappin

This is a ~56 minute talk titled "Robot Scientists, Active Learning, and the Problem of Biological Individuality" by Kameron Bielawski (https://github.com/kambielawski) from Josh Bongard's lab (https://jbongard.github.io/) given at our Center (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/).

This is a ~1 hour meeting with Richard Watson (https://www.richardawatson.com/), Alexey Tolchinsky (https://montgomerycountypsychologist.com/), Mark Solms (https://neuroscience.uct.ac.za/contacts/mark-solms), and Karl Friston (https://profiles.ucl.ac.uk/2747-karl-friston) where w

This is a ~1 hour talk and Q&A titled Cancer as a Distorted Bioelectric State: ion channel control of tumor identity and persistence by Saverio Gentile (https://musc.service-now.com/cgs?id=cgs_profile&profile_id=27de26a2c3aa4ad0c9ba1e75e0013186, https://scholar.google.com/citatio

I recently had a chance for an interesting discussion with two people working at the intersection of science and spirituality: Fr. Robert Marsland III, representing Catholicism, and Pavel Chvykov, representing a number of Eastern approaches he summarizes as Tantra.

I don’t get to play video games much (does so-called reality count?) but here’s one I came across which is pretty special: Baba is You (also described here). Here‘s a tiny sample that gives a flavor of how it works:

I have been thinking about the insufficiency of physicalism and its scientific and personal implications for somewhat over 40 years. But I’ve only started talking about them publicly in 2025, because I saw no point in adding to the Philosophy and New Age bookshelves – relevant id

The following is a ~`1 hour talk I gave to undergraduate students at Tufts’ Biomedical Engineering Department, for a class on regenerative medicine.

I recently gave a talk at an Oxford conference on evolution, pulling together some of my ideas and our recent work into a comprehensive picture of how diverse intelligence and evolutionary processes might work together. There were four main claims:

When someone asks me “what do you do?”, it’s hard to give a short but accurate answer. Maybe “natural philosophy” comes closest, hearkening back to a time where there were fewer artificial boundaries between lines of inquiry. On the one hand, I am a professor of biology. But I do

I have written a lot about the fact that biological systems, like us, are basically collective intelligences. We are made of many cells, each of which has competencies and agendas of their own; our research program involves the cognitive glue mechanisms that bind their goal-seeki

I’ve co-edited 2 books (vol 1, vol 2 of “Ahead of the Curve”) before, but now am actually writing some. Here’s an update, continuing from:

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There are many formal models that try to simulate competitive and cooperative dynamics; Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD) is one such popular example, being often referenced in game theory, economics, and evolutionary biology. I wanted to explore the intersection of these ideas with morpho

What is the relationship between learning and the degree to which an agent is a coherent, integrated, causally important whole that is more than the sum of its parts? Here I briefly describe work with Federico Pigozzi, a post-doc in my group, and Adam Goldstein, a former graduate

My favorite type of meditation happens in the morning, in the Golden Hour) before sunrise, with a camera (some of these are also from sunset or moonrise). I walk around, take pictures of what I see, and do a mix of thinking about specific things on my agenda vs. letting my mind a

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Nature photos – light, water, flora, fauna.

I was going to schedule this amazing video for around Halloween, but its shelf life is very limited. With the rise of AI that can make videos of anything you want, pretty soon things like this will lose all impact, drowned out by mountains of generated fiction. This one was taken

I recently put out a preprint, which will be a chapter in a forthcoming anthology edited by Matt Segall and Andrew M. Davis, collecting papers from the “Metaphysics and the Matter With Things: Thinking With Iain McGilchrist” conference at CIIS last Spring). This paper is not the

The following is another set of questions (in no particular order or organization) that I’ve been asked after talks, in emails, on Twitter, etc. and my attempts to answer (some of the most common are here). I saved these because they are either interesting or because they come up

The following is a selected set of questions (in no particular order or organization) that I’ve been asked after talks, in emails, on Twitter, etc. and my attempts to answer. I saved these because they are interesting, because they come up a lot, or because they provide some ente

Some interesting quotes to think about, on top of my nature photos.

I recently published this paper, pulling together some new ideas about the nature of memory and how it applies to the nature of the Self, behavior, development, evolution, and more.

(this is the original version of an edited and shortened version published here).

“Platonic Space” refers to a structured, non-physical space of patterns, such as the properties of mathematical objects, and perhaps other, higher-agency patterns that we detect as forms of anatomy, physiology, and behavior in the biosphere. Thus, the contents of this space may i

Developmental biology is the study of how bodies and minds come to be. It is not just Frankenstein’s creature that is made of dead, inanimate parts: all of us are composed of recycled chemical materials, which come together to form an oocyte and eventually self-assemble into a ne

“If the path before you is clear, you’re probably on someone else’s.” ― Carl Jung

Sometimes people ask: “with your minds-everywhere framework, you might as well say the weather is intentional too!”. The assumption being that 1) these things can be decided from an armchair (by logic alone), and 2) that this would be an unacceptable implication of a theory (i.e.

Dr. Michael Levin — Reprogramming Bioelectricity, Updating “Software” for Anti-Aging, Treating Cancer Without Drugs, Cognition of Cells, and Much More (849)

I was recently asked to write a short preamble outlining my perspective on four specific topics, for participation in a conference on consciousness. Here it is:

This is a video made as a project with my kids, about a decade ago. My favorite part is the a shift change - the squirrel team goes home for the evening, and the raccoon night crew shows up. Bonus points if anyone can identify the soundtrack (leave a comment)!

I am sometimes asked to comment on alignment of AI’s (for example), and I think there are some crucial ingredients that need more emphasis in any discussions of AI alignment. [ bracketed numbers below refer to manuscript references, listed at the end ]

This is a ~1 hour presentation by Jackson Kubal (https://www.linkedin.com/in/jackson-kubal/, from the Adami lab at https://adamilab.msu.edu/people/) using information theory to predict drugs for cancer and other contexts.

This is a ~1 hour conversation between Alexey Tolchinsky (https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/contributors/alexey-tolchinsky-psyd ), a clinical psychologist and Adjunct Professor at The George Washington University, Center for Professional Psychology, and Thomas Pollak (https://or

This is a ~45 min talk by Ayelet Lesman (https://en-engineering.tau.ac.il/profile/ayeletlesman) given in our Center on some fascinating work on cellular biomechanical signaling and collective behavior.

This is a deliberately provocative talk (~1 hour 20 minutes) I gave on teleology (a pretty taboo subject in a lot of the life sciences) delivered at Caltech. I try to go step by step and show the philosophical background of how I think about goal-directedness in physically embod

This is a ~1 hour talk titled "Towards a Platonic Intelligence with Unified Factored Representations" by Akarsh Kumar (https://akarshkumar.com/), given for our symposium on Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a ~1.5 hour conversation with Richard Watson (https://www.richardawatson.com/) and Leo Caves (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Leo-Caves, https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?user=Oov_zsoAAAAJ&hl=en) about issues of resonance, unconventional cognition, observers, pr

This is a ~1 hour 15 minute talk titled "Patterns of Form and Behavior Beyond Emergence: how Platonic Space in-forms evolved, engineered, and hybrid embodied minds", which is the kickoff talk for our Symposium on Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic

In this episode, developmental biologist Michael Levin and cognitive scientist Anna Ciaunica examine how cellular intelligence challenges our traditional understanding of consciousness. They explore how memory, embodiment, and our interactions with others fundamentally shape the

This is a ~1 hour talk I gave at the Oxford Robotics Institute called "Intrinsic motivation in evolved, engineered, and hybrid systems: the interface of biophysics, computer science, and behavioral science". It covers our work from the perspective of motivations - what are they (

This is a ~54 minute talk given at a workshop on complexity. Many of the examples are the same ones I often talk about but this talk is focused on explaining how biology deals with complexity, and ways to think about complex patterns of form and behavior beyond the conventional a

This is a ~45 minute talk titled "Calcium homeostatic feedback control predicts atrial fibrillation initiation, remodeling, and progression" by Nicolae Moise. The preprint is here: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.10.24.619898v2.abstract The previous paper on the s

This is a ~25 minute discussion with Murray Shanahan (https://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~mpsha/) on topics following up on his talk in our Center (https://youtu.be/ZlKc3ebLgEI?si=Tmq5gOwVDi4t-pip).

This is a ~1 hour 8 minute talk titled "The ontogenetic alternative: “Platonism”, khôric mater(ial)ism, and open-ended evolution" by Timothy Jackson (https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=vOnot8oAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate). Abstract: Metaphysical presuppo

This is a ~1 hour talk (given at the Departmental Seminar series at the Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences) on the use of a cognitive approach to bioengineering and regenerative medicine, in which morphogenesis is the behavior (in anatomical s

Lex Fridman Podcast full episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qp0rCU49lMs Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/cv9487-sb See below for guest bio, links, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. *GUEST BIO:* Michae

This is a very short introduction to an asynchronous symposium featuring numerous talks on the fascinating topic of patterns across sciences. Each lecture will be uploaded to this playlist.

This is a ~2-hour Q&A with Mark Solms (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Solms) at the "Public conversation about their work and its implications for psychoanalysis" series of the Annual meeting of the American Psychoanalytic Association.

This is a ~55 minute conversation with Michael Johnson (https://t.co/YxAOZif0V2) covering topics of spectrum of consciousness down to the cell (and below) level, implicit memory and cellular pixels of experience, Platonic space, symmetry breaking, and intrinsic vs. extrinsic moti

This is a ~48 minute talk by Nate Grassi about his PhD work on how the fitness effects of plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance mutations vary across bacterial species and ecological contexts. Nate is viewing natural selection not merely as a filter, but as a context-sensitive le

This is a ~30 minute conversation with Benjamin Lyons (https://benjaminflyons.com/), Mark Blumberg (https://blumberg.lab.uiowa.edu), and Karen Adolph (https://as.nyu.edu/faculty/karen-adolph.html) on the field of motor development and behavior in humans and other animals, and the

This is the third talk in our symposium on Platonic Space, titled "Patterns and Explanatory Gaps in Psychotherapy (does God place dice?)" by Alexey Tolchinsky (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tiBKmrsAAAAJ&hl=en)

Youtube caption ECogS Conference On 11th of December 2025, Michael Levin gave a talk as part of the ECogS Conference hosted by The Embodied Cognitive Science Unit at OIST. Title: Unconventional Embodiments: model systems and strategies for addressing mind-blindness Abstract:

This is a ~1 hour talk on "The Visual System as a Model for Studying Intercellular Communication and Information Processing in Biological Circuits" given to our Center by Zahraa Chorghay (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=7m20ItQAAAAJ&hl=en).

This is a ~57 minute talk titled "Aging as Adaptation" by Josh Mitteldorf (https://scienceblog.com/joshmitteldorf/, https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=NQjA8gIAAAAJ&hl=en) given in our Center's aging subgroup.

This is a ~1 hour talk and Q&A given by neuroscientist Andrey Vyshedskiy (https://www.bu.edu/prsocial/profile/andrey-vyshedskiy/, https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Ury0hsMAAAAJ&hl=en) in our Center on the origin of language in humans.

This is a ~50 minute talk "Non-causal information flow in evolution, development, and behavior" by the always amazing Chris Fields (https://chrisfieldsresearch.com/, his Allen Center page is https://allencenter.tufts.edu/our-team/christopher-a-chris-fields-ph-d/). Covers causalit

This is a ~46 minute talk given at a conference on consciousness, presenting my lab's data on cognition in body organs outside the brain and then some speculations about the mind-body connection more generally (fleshing out my Platonic space model with symmetries between brain:mi

This is a ~30 minute talk by Willem Nielsen (https://www.willemnielsen.com/) from the Wolfram Institute, about their approach using cellular automata to model health and disease. It includes some Q&A. Some of the basics are here: https://writings.stephenwolfram.com/2025/02/toward

This is a ~49-minute talk and Q&A given in our Center by Jody Rosenblatt (https://www.rosenblattlab.com/) titled "When cells lose their spark - a tale of two extrusions", about the bioelectrics of cell extrusion.

This is a 1 hour 11 minute talk by me called "Against Mind-Blindness: recognizing and communicating with Agential Materials and Beyond". It is a slightly longer, updated version of this talk from last month, containing a bit of new material and a somewhat differently-ordered pres

This is a brief (~17 minute) introduction to my argument about Platonic space in biology, using a 1-page simplified argument format and then a quick overview of the research program entailed by it.

This is a ~1 hour talk on control architectures and their relevance to biology titled "Toward a Theory of Control Architecture" by John C. Doyle (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=C6DtGmMAAAAJ&hl=en).

This is a 1 hour 10 minute presentation of ideas around the architecture of biology (and how it differs from today's computational systems). Focusing on morphogenesis as a model of collective intelligence, I talk about the intelligence ratchet that results from life's need to cre

Dr. Michael Levin is on the verge of revolutionizing medicine by unlocking the bioelectric code that governs how cells communicate, heal, and build complex structures. His work reveals that intelligence exists at every level of biology—allowing us to reprogram tissues, regenerate

This is a ~1 hour 30 minute talk + Q&A by Chris Fields (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/christopher-a-chris-fields-ph-d/) titled "From Experience to Math", given in our Center's computational subgroup in the context of the Platonic Space symposium (https://thoughtforms.life/symposi

This is a ~1 hour talk by Jack Tuszynski (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Tuszy%C5%84ski, https://apps.ualberta.ca/directory/person/jackt) on electrical and electromagnetic properties of microtubules.

This is a ~57 minute talk + ~10 minute Q&A titled "When/What/How Do Dynamical Systems Compute?" by Joshua Grochow (https://home.cs.colorado.edu/~jgrochow/index.html).

This a ~1 hour 20 minute conversation between Aastha Jain Simes (https://www.livelongerworld.com/), Pamela Lyon (https://scholar.google.com.au/citations?user=1oY1J5kAAAAJ&hl=en), and I. Pamela is a key figure in the development of a biogenic approach to mind, and we talked about

This is a ~57 minute discussion with Elan Barenholtz (https://mpcrlab.com/people/Elan-Barenholtz/) about language and its possible autonomy in brains, AI models, and other systems linking to our lab's work on active data and the thoughts-thinkers continuum.

This is a ~50 minute talk by me (given at IIT Mandi yesterday) on bioelectricity from the perspective of both, a path to regenerative medicine of birth defects, injury repair, and cancer, and a model system for learning to communicate with unconventional collective intelligences.

This is a ~20 minute very rapid talk reviewing ideas around the scaling of intelligence in unconventional substrates.

This is a ~1 hour conversation on topics of consciousness, affect, evolution, and philosophy between Gunnar Babcock (https://cals.cornell.edu/gunnar-babcock), Daniel McShea (https://scholars.duke.edu/person/dmcshea), Mark Solms (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vD4p8rQAA

This is a ~54 minute talk I gave, titled ""Bioelectricity: a bridge between physics and cognition, by way of biology", at the National Institute of Health Interest Group "Quantum SIG" (https://oir.nih.gov/sigs/qis-quantum-sensing-biology-interest-group). My talk doesn't contain a

Joscha Bach (Executive Director) and Lou de K (VP of Programs) interview our scientific advisor Michael Levin on how he would go about testing for consciousness.

This is a very brief (~5 minute) explanation I made at a conference on next generation biomedicine about the topic of physiological learning and reprogrammability. I was commenting on the fact that differences in patient responses to interventions are not only due to genetics an

This is a ~1 hour talk titled "The Emergence of Convergence in Different Levels of Biology and AI" by Brian Cheung (https://briancheung.github.io/) given for our Symposium on the Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a ~42 minute talk by Francis C. Forde (https://www.linkedin.com/in/francis-c-forde-/) titled "Probing the Limits of Memory: can an operant response survive decapitation and regeneration in planaria". This talk discusses Francis' work on flatworm learning and the regenera

This is a ~50 minute talk on methods to infer gene regulatory networks by Dr. Susama Biswas (https://scholar.google.co.in/citations?user=74h_egEAAAAJ&hl=en).

This is a ~1 hour conversation of Aastha Jain Simes (https://www.livelongerworld.com/, https://www.linkedin.com/in/aasthajs) and Azra Raza on her unique and passionate journey in oncology and her ideas for cancer therapy. Azra is an amazing person, clinician, and scientist; see

This is a ~1 hr10min talk I gave at a conference on modeling aspects of neuroscience. The talk is about the inverse idea - how tools and concepts from neuroscience apply far beyond neurons and brains, and can help understand a lot of biology across development, evolution, and div

This is a ~35-minute 2022 talk titled "Natural Induction: conditions for spontaneous adaptation in dynamical systems" by Richard Watson (https://www.richardawatson.com/). This is a really important set of ideas about new ways to think about the source of innovation during evoluti

This is a ~1 hour 8 minute talk and discussion with our Center by Emily Bates (https://www.cuanschutz.edu/graduate-programs/human-medical-genetics-and-genomics/faculty/Bates-Emily-UCD6000018385) about her work on how ion channel function regulates gene expression and embryonic ph

This is a ~1 hour 5 minute working conversation with Chris Fields (https://chrisfieldsresearch.com/), Mark Solms (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vD4p8rQAAAAJ&hl=en), Karl Friston (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=q_4u0aoAAAAJ&hl=en), and Thomas Pollak (https:/

This is a ~36 minute talk by Janet Wiles (https://about.uq.edu.au/experts/13) "Mapping Diverse Intelligence Spaces: looking for xenobots in computational models of memory and language", followed by a ~24 minute discussion of her work on the intersection of cognitive science, lang

This is a ~35 minute discussion with Willem Nielsen (https://community.wolfram.com/web/wrn2001, https://medium.com/@wnielsen) from the Wolfram Institute about their cellular automata models of disease and our approach to this problem. Papers to which I referred: https://link.s

This is a ~ 1 hour and 10 minute talk plus ~30 minutes Q&A discussion with the computational group in our Center, titled "A Theoretical Computer Science Lens on Consciousness" by Lenore Blum (https://www2.eecs.berkeley.edu/Faculty/Homepages/lblum.html), Manuel Blum (https://www.c

This is a ~15 minute talk by two high school students, Angelina Nguyen and Nikhil Dev, about their experiments in memory regeneration in planaria.

This is an ~1 hour 10 minute conversation with Iain McGilchrist (https://channelmcgilchrist.com/home/), on the topic of my recent paper on the Platonic Space (https://osf.io/preprints/psyarxiv/5g2xj_v3) - forms ingressing into the physical world in biology, causation, evolution,

This is a ~54 minute talk by Roberto Avelar (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=mKrHvXUAAAAJ&hl=en) titled "Cellular Senescence is just Cellular Stress" given to the aging subgroup at our Center.

This is a ~1 hour 7 minute talk I gave at the SEMF Interdisciplinary School (July 2025, https://semf.org.es/school2025/#speakers-container) on agency ways to think about expanding our ability to detect and communicate with unconventional minds. The same talk but with a lengthy

This is a ~56 minute talk titled "Ion channels in skin morphogenesis: the avian skin paradigm" by Robert Chow (https://profiles.sc-ctsi.org/robert.chow) given to our Center. It discusses the latest findings on the natural bioelectric signaling that patterns the skin. Related is

This is a ~1 hour interview by Aastha Jain Simes (https://www.livelongerworld.com/) and I of leading cancer researcher Robert Gatenby (https://www.moffitt.org/inspiring-stories/dr.-gatenbys-story). Bob talks about the evolutionary and physiology approach to understanding cancer

This is a ~1 hour conversation with Alexey Tolchinsky (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Alexey-Tolchinsky), a clinical psychologist and Adjunct Professor at The George Washington University, Center for Professional Psychology, and Thomas Pollak (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-61

This is a ~35 minute talk about diverse intelligence and our efforts to establish formalisms and methods for communicating with unconventional biological intelligences.

This is a ~1 hour total presentation by Pier Luigi Gentili (https://www.pierluigigentili.com/) and brainstorming session about chemical intelligence and its relationship to the broader field of diverse intelligence.

This is a ~34-minute talk titled "Radical Platonism and Radical Empiricism" and ~20 minute Q&A discussion by Joel Dietz (https://connection.mit.edu/people/joel-dietz/) for our Center's Platonic Space symposium.

This is a ~1 hour discussion with mathematician David Spivak (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Spivak) about issues related to goal-directedness and some puzzles around mathematical vs. physical constants (see https://thoughtforms.life/why-the-tight-clustering-of-mathematical-

This is a ~1 hour 10 minute talk titled "Bioelectricity of Non-Excitable Cells: modeling of instructive multicellular patterns" by my collaborators and Allen Center members Javier Cervera (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=qoWg0E8AAAAJ&hl=es) and Salvador Mafe (https://sc

This is a ~1 hour discussion with philosopher of science Lauren Ross (https://sites.socsci.uci.edu/~rossl/ ), on the topic of explanation and causation - what does it mean to look for explanations in science, what counts as a good explanation, and how do you know you've got one.

This is a ~1 hour talk by Patricia Lane (https://www.dal.ca/faculty/science/biology/faculty-staff/our-faculty/patricia-lane.html, https://scholar.google.ca/citations?hl=en&user=CZ_GzpAAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate) given in our Center on chimeras, ecology, evolution, an

Michael Levin is a biologist at Tufts University working on novel ways to understand and control complex pattern formation in biological systems. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep486-sb See below for timestamps, transcript, and t

This is a ~9 minute talk by Federico Pigozzi in my group (https://pigozzif.github.io/) about our recent paper on the relationship between learning and integrative emergence in gene regulatory network models (https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-025-08411-2).

This is a ~52 minute discussion between Diana Moga (https://www.dianamogamd.com/), Alexey Tolchinsky (https://montgomerycountypsychologist.com/), Chris Fields (https://chrisfieldsresearch.com/), and I on topics related to autism, ketamine-assisted therapy, and the linking of thes

This is a a ~1 hour discussion between Elliot Murphy (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4AYNRj0AAAAJ&hl=en) and me on the topic of language, evolution, neuroscience, and language models. Elliot's paper: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17588928.2025.2523875

This is a short summary talk by Ivan Kroupin (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=XjxueRYAAAAJ&hl=en) and Tian Chen Zeng (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tian-Chen-Zeng) and then a discussion of issues around biological and cultural multi-scale intelligence. Their long

This is a ~1 hr talk on what is similar and what is different between biological and (current) technological information-processing systems, and the implications for biomedicine, AI, and ethics. A version of this talk with Q&A at the TPC consortium at Argonne National Lab is at h

This is a ~56 minute talk and Q&A by Katia Barrett (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8156-3168) given in our Center on the topic of morphogenesis and the forces that shape anatomy.

This is a ~1 hour talk (and discussion) of a theory of psychopathology based on cerebral laterality and distinct personalities within a single brain, and Dr. Frederic Schiffer's (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Fredric-Schiffer, https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles

This is a ~1 hour discussion with Ben Lyons (https://interestingessays.substack.com/), Eli Sennesh (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=3z4ALYgAAAAJ&hl=en), and Jordan Theriault (http://www.jordan-theriault.com/), where they each give talks and then we have a brief Q&A on t

Lex Fridman Podcast full episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qp0rCU49lMs Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/cv9485-sb See below for guest bio, links, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. *GUEST BIO:* Michae

This is a conversation between Chris Fields (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/our-team/christopher-a-chris-fields-ph-d/), Julian Gough (https://theeggandtherock.com/), and me about the theory of selection on the scale of universes and analogies to biology.

This is a ~37 minute talk titled "Geometry of the mind-body interface" by Tom Froese (https://www.oist.jp/research/research-units/ecsu/tom-froese) given for our symposium on the Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/). Abstract: In the

This is a ~35 min talk titled "Entropic motivation and the roots of agency" by Alex Kiefer (https://philpeople.org/profiles/alex-kiefer) + ~25 min discussion of the issues of motivation in artificial and natural agents.

This is a ~1 hour conversation between Alexey Tolchinsky (https://montgomerycountypsychologist.com/), a clinical psychologist and Adjunct Professor at The George Washington University, Center for Professional Psychology, and Thomas Pollak (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6171-0810),

This is a ~50 minute talk given at our Center by Dániel Czégel (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=O5d4u_EAAAAJ&hl=en) on a theoretical framework for construction of forms

This is a ~1 hour 20 min talk and discussion titled "Microtubules as Fractal Time Crystals: implications for life and consciousness" by Stuart Hameroff (https://hameroff.arizona.edu/).

This is a ~1 hour conversation with Michael Just (https://www.mjust.com/en/), an artist working on a PhD in architecture (with a focus on urbanism and diverse intelligence), and Anna Gitelman (https://www.suffolk.edu/academics/faculty/g/i/anna-gitelman), a close friend and Associ

This is the fourth talk in our symposium on Platonic Space, titled "The Historical Construction of Normativity in Mathematics" by Benjamin Lyons (https://interestingessays.substack.com/)

This is a ~1 hour talk on the field of developmental bioelectricity from a perspective of cognitive science and the homology between mechanisms of self-assembly of somatic and brain-based intelligence.

Lex Fridman Podcast full episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qp0rCU49lMs Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/cv9495-sb See below for guest bio, links, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. *GUEST BIO:* Michae

This is a ~1 hour talk and Q&A given in our Center by Murray Shanahan (https://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~mpsha/) on consciousness in unconventional media.

This is a ~1 hour 15 minute talk + discussion titled "Mathematics, morphogenesis, and metaphysics: thinking about Platonic space in biology" by David Resnik (https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources/bioethics/bioethicist), given for our symposium on Platonic Space (https://th

This is a ~1.5 hour talk + Q&A titled "The Platonic Conception of Mathematics: a modern view" by J. P. Aguilera (https://juan.ag/), given for our symposium on Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a ~1 hour 8 minute talk by Giulio Ruffini (https://giulioruffini.github.io/#gsc.tab=0) titled "The Algorithmic Weltanschauung: An Algorithmic, Platonic Perspective", given for our Symposium on the Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/)

This is a ~1 hour talk titled "Abstract Forms & Tangible Biology - palanquins, princes, and a LEGO hypothesis" by Douglas Brash (https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/douglas-brash/) given for our Platonic Space Hypothesis (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a ~1 hour talk by Michael Timothy Bennett (https://michaeltimothybennett.com/) on his ideas around computation and consciousness. Direct link to the thesis preprint: https://osf.io/preprints/thesiscommons/wehmg_v1?view_only= YT: https://www.youtube.com/@michaeltimothybe

This is a ~40 minute talk and ~44 minute Q&A titled "On the (Platonic) Nature of Things" by Karl Friston (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=q_4u0aoAAAAJ&hl=en), given for our Platonic Space symposium (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a ~55 minute talk by Ivan Kroupin (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=XjxueRYAAAAJ&hl=en) and Tian Chen Zeng (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Tian-Chen-Zeng) on the topic of culture and scale-invariant dynamics in biology and behavior.

This is a ~55 min talk by Michael Levin "Endogenous Bioelectrical Networks: an interface to somatic intelligence for regenerative medicine", going over the state of the art in developmental bioelectricity in the context of collaborating with the cellular collective intelligence f

This is a discussion between Jordi Vallverdú (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Y_Q8AQkAAAAJ&hl=en) and me, around the topic of transferring information from the minds of embodied humans into LLM AI's, and natural, biological analogs of this process (moving cognitive patt

This is an ~8 minute very quick introduction about the context for developmental bioelectricity and some examples of how we use it as an interface to control growth and form. In this very short 3 slide introduction at a discussion forum, I tried to explain that bioelectricity is

This is a ~52 minute conversation with philosopher David Resnik (https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources/bioethics/bioethicist) about the Platonic Space model and our plan for a new paper about a different variant of it than what I've been writing so far.

This is a ~50 minute talk by Anthony Zador (https://www.cshl.edu/research/faculty-staff/anthony-zador/) on the topic of connectomics and neuroscience and the implications for AI.

This is a ~46 minute talk by Michael Levin titled “The Unreasonable Effectiveness of the Behavioral Sciences in Developmental Biology and Biomedicine” given at a developmental biology/bioengineering symposium, explaining the connections between the cognitive/behavioral sciences a

This is a ~1 hour talk by Anna Ciaunica (https://annaciaunica.fr/) on the cognitive science and philosophy of selves, movement, and clinical cases of depersonalization.

This is a ~1 hour 12 minute talk titled "Computational Symbiogenesis" by Blaise Agüera y Arcas (https://research.google/people/106776/?&type=google), given for our symposium on the Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a ~1 hour conversation with Buck Trible (https://triblelab.fas.harvard.edu/people/waring-buck-trible, https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=JLN0AT0AAAAJ&hl=en) about his fascinating work on the genetics, morphology, behavior, and sociality in ants.

This is a ~35 minute talk by Branton DeMoss (https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?user=RtSDseMAAAAJ&hl=en) on emergence, complexity, and information content, and their dynamics in artificial learning systems.

This is a ~1 hour 10 minute discussion with Robert Prentner (https://scholar.google.nl/citations?user=ZYcFVxoAAAAJ&hl=en) and Timothy Jackson (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=vOnot8oAAAAJ&hl=en) about Platonism and related concepts. The paper of mine that they reference

This is a ~35 minute talk on commonalities and differences between biological and technological information processing, and the implications for AI (given at the AGI-25 conference in Iceland). The full program, including Hananel Hazan's talk (which is the 2nd half of mine), is at

This is a ~45 minute talk + 15 min Q&A by Abhinav Singh (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=zHogVvsAAAAJ&hl=en) titled "From Reaction Networks to Collective Motion: a computational view of self-organization" given in our Center.

This is a ~30 minute conversation with Mayli Mertens (Marie Curie Postdoctoral fellow at University of Antwerp, https://philpeople.org/profiles/mayli-mertens) and I on the topic of molecular placebos, bioelectricity, and self-fulfilling prophecies in medicine (the latter being th

This is a ~35 minute talk by Lucy Spouncer (https://lucyspouncer.uk/) titled "Abstraction is Organic: translating mathematical patterns through the literary substrate", for our Symposium on the Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/), where you

This is a ~22 minute talk that I gave remotely at the Tech For Impact Summit 2025 in Japan (https://tech4impactsummit.com/). It goes very quickly over the idea of bioelectricity as the cognitive glue between different scales of intelligence at the body, allowing top-down control

This is a ~45 minute talk by Lakshwin Shreesha (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=IiCvDpgAAAAJ&hl=en), on our recent work (preprint: https://osf.io/kpzju_v2, paper in press): using Prisoner's Dilemma to gain insight into how multicellular dynamics emerge from agents that

Dr. Michael Levin is a professor in the Department of Biology at Tufts University and an associate faculty member at the Wyss Institute at Harvard. He directs the Allen Discovery Center at Tufts, where his team integrates biophysics, computational modeling, and behavioral science

This is a ~1 hour 25 minute talk and Q&A discussion at our Center by Etienne Guichard (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=FWNXN98AAAAJ&hl=en) and Stefano Nichele (https://www.nichele.eu/), titled "A Neural Cellular Automaton Model of Memory Transfer, with application to th

This is a ~52-minute talk titled "The Biology of Apparent Selves: Bioengineering Model Systems for the Contemplative Sciences" that I have at the CSCSC 25 (Complex Systems and Contemplative Studies Conference) symposium (https://luma.com/3vyrtz4j?utm_source=ep-g2M2JDmWHB).

Lex Fridman Podcast full episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qp0rCU49lMs Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/cv9489-sb See below for guest bio, links, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. *GUEST BIO:* Michae

This is a ~1 hour 5 minute conversation between Nora Belrose (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=p_oBc64AAAAJ&hl=en) and me on the topics of consciousness, AI, and different views of the Platonic Space.

This is a ~1 hour 5 minute talk and Q&A titled "Explanation in Biology: Principles and Pragmatics" by Lauren N. Ross (https://sites.socsci.uci.edu/~rossl/) for our Symposium on Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a ~22 minute talk titled "Maths Justifies Metaphysics in Biology" by Denis Noble (https://royalsociety.org/people/denis-noble-12007/) given for our symposium on the Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/). Q&A portion available with his

This is a ~18 min talk plus ~10 min Q&A on a top-down approach to bioengineering and robotics that I gave at the Biohybrid Robotics Symposium in Switzerland in July 2025 (https://biohybrid-robotics.com/).

This is a ~35 minute talk on neural cellular automata, artificial life, robotics, and self-organizing systems by Sebastian Risi (https://sebastianrisi.com/).

This is a ~50 minute conversation with Michael Johnson (https://t.co/YxAOZif0V2) on vasocomputation, stress as cognitive glue, and more generally computation and cognition in unconventional substrates.

This is a 1-hour talk by Jia Liu (https://liulab.seas.harvard.edu/prof-jia-liu) given in our Center on the topic of "Soft and flexible bioelectronics for stem cell engineering and brain-machine interfaces".

This is a ~48 minute discussion between Alexey Tolchinsky (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tiBKmrsAAAAJ&hl=en), Patricia Silveira (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VexSZ40AAAAJ&hl=en), and me on the topic of molecular markers of trauma and how to extend ideas a

This is a ~1 hour conversation with Frank Putnam (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=KLGgJg4AAAAJ&hl=en) and Alexey Tolchinsky (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tiBKmrsAAAAJ&hl=en) about dissociative disorders, clinical psychology, and their applications to the ce

This is a ~54 minute conversation with Katrina Schleisman (https://www.galois.com/team/katrina-schleisman) and David Burke (https://www.galois.com/team/david-burke) about issues related to memory, Platonism, diverse intelligence, and similar topics.

This is a ~57 min talk titled "Whitehead on the Ingression of Novel Form: Toward a New Formal Causality in the Life Sciences" by Matt Segall (footnotes2plato.com) recorded for our symposium on Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/). Abstract:

This is a ~58 minute talk titled "The Embodied Mind of a New Robot Scientist: symmetries between AI and bioengineering the agential material of life and their impact on technology and on our future" which I gave as a closing Keynote to the ALIFE conference in Japan (https://2025.

This is a ~55 minute talk+Q&A given in our Center by Jacob Chisausky (https://slevin.princeton.edu/people/jacob-chisausky) on the topic of reconstructive social learning.

This is a ~2 hour 33 minute talk by Elliot Murphy (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4AYNRj0AAAAJ&hl=en) titled "Platonic Forms in the Study of Language and Mind", given for our Symposium on Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

"Unconventional selves in novel spaces, scales, and embodiments - a diverse intelligence perspective on a continuum of cognition and consciousness" is a ~1 hour 12 min talk I gave at a conference on consciousness (https://www.hardproblem.it/ ), as it relates to our work on divers

This is a ~1 hour talk + Q&A discussion by Peter Lidsky (https://www.cityu.edu.hk/bms/profile/peterlidsky.htm) on his theory that aging is driven by evolutionary pressures to prevent individuals from infecting their relatives.

This is a ~50 min talk by Szymon Łukaszyk (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=FH3ExXUAAAAJ&hl=en) given to the computational subgroup of our Allen Center on physics, biology, and mathematics ideas relevant to consciousness and teleology.

This is a ~1 hour 10 minute talk and discussion at our Center given by Akarsh Kumar (https://akarshkumar.com/) on new machine learning approaches in Artificial Life.

Lex Fridman Podcast full episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qp0rCU49lMs Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/cv9498-sb See below for guest bio, links, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. *GUEST BIO:* Michae

This is a new ~1 hour talk by me on the concept of diverse intelligence, and morphogenesis as a model system with which to practice identifying and communicating with unconventional minds. This is a bit different than previous ones because I explicitly go over examples of how som

This is a ~55 minute talk given by Santosh Manicka (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/santosh-manicka-affiliate-research-scientist/, https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4cc0wewAAAAJ&hl=en) about his recent work in our Center.

This is a ~1 hour discussion with Adam Safron (https://www.adamsafron.com/) and Max Shen (https://www.maxkshen.com/home), and Michael Levinabout diverse intelligence and its relevance for pain.

This is a ~50-minute talk titled "Substrate-dependent mathematics hypothesis" by Olaf Witkowski (https://olafwitkowski.com/), presented for our Platonic Space symposium (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/).

This is a ~40 minute talk on a systems biology approach to aging by João Pedro de Magalhães (https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/staff/profiles/inflammation-ageing/magalhaes-pedro) given in our Center.

This is a ~43 minute talk titled "Towards a computational theory of animal autonomy: modeling task-independent behavior and whole-brain data in zebrafish with intrinsic motivation" by Reece Keller (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=_2mC_l4AAAAJ&hl=en) given at our Center.

This is a ~37 minute talk given at our Center by Giuseppe Paolo (https://www.giupaolo.com/) about an approach to synthetic intelligence using principles such as TAME (https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsys.2022.768201/full).

This is a ~38 minute talk titled "Platonic Space as Cognitive Construct" by Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic (https://gordana.se/) for our Symposium on the Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/), where you will also find her slides for download.

This ~50 minute talk given at a futurism/AI gathering is a variant of my recent talks on diverse intelligence, focusing on ways to expand our perspective via considerations of non-brain-based intelligence in the body, patterns as agents, synthetic beings as model systems for lear

This is a ~30 minute talk to an Ethics class (undergraduates) about aspects of our work that have implications for ethics.

This is a ~34 minute talk for our Symposium on Platonic Space (https://thoughtforms.life/symposium-on-the-platonic-space/) by Mariana Emauz Valdetaro (https://marianas.life/) from the Society for Multidisciplinary and Fundamental Research (https://semf.org.es/). Additional mater

This is a ~42-minute talk given in our Center by Doga Yücel (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=oAv5KjsAAAAJ&hl=en) titled "Who's Watching the Watchmen", about a cell-biological model of aging.

This is a ~45 minute talk for an embodied cognition audience, covering my framework for diverse intelligence, our use of morphogenesis as a model system for communicating with unconventional minds, and my views on our new MomBot platform and how it helps understand the symmetries

This is a ~1 hour talk and discussion with Philippe Servajean (https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=Ed6dY78AAAAJ) and Richard Servajean (https://scholar.google.fr/citations?user=_wyPSjwAAAAJ&hl=en) about their approach to consciousness and cognition. The paper: https://osf.i

This is a very fast (~33min) flyover of some ideas relevant to the relationship between biology, computation, cognition, consciousness, and related subjects. This was given at the amazing Progress and Visions in Consciousness Science series (https://amcs-community.org/events/prog

A conversation between Andrés Gómez Emilsson, Santosh Manicka, and I:

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I will do a longer, more rigorous piece on free will and what I think is important in that perennial debate from the perspective of the TAME framework, but meanwhile, here’s a short dialog written by GPT-4 (with very minor tweaks from me) to highlight a point I will develop later

I recently gave a long presentation to the Wolfram Institute titled “Self-constructing bodies, collective minds: unconventional biology, minimal models of intelligence, bio-inspired computing”. It contains ideas about the amazing architecture of biology (and how it differs from t

Normal light and infra-red photographs of the beautiful landscape and wildlife in Alaska.

This is a continuation of the work reported here, which was based on a preprint but now the official paper is out. It was co-authored with Taining Zhang and Adam Goldstein, but the following is my personal take on it. Below you will find a brief introduction, some discussions and

This is a first in a series of posts I will do to highlight the work of some amazing junior scientists.

Click an image to see a (possibly truncated) version of the prompt used for each one. Click the image again for a high-resolution version.

This post highlights some of the most recent data on Anthrobots, first explained here. The official final paper, first published as a preprint is now online, detailing the next stage of investigation of this fascinating new model system. The Tufts Now summary is here.

Oné R. Pagán,and I are writing a book, for general audiences, on bioelectricity (a bit more description is here).

I occasionally get asked “When are you going to write a book?”. This is something I’ve thought about a lot. On the one hand, I often feel like my lab could make more practical impact in biomedicine and basic science if I spent that time doing research, instead of writing a book.

One of the key implications of my TAME framework is that intelligence can be found in surprising places: we are not yet good at predicting it, and need to do experimental work to ask: where do various unconventional systems (especially cells, tissues, etc.) land on this spectrum

We are all collective intelligences – not just ants and bee colonies, but all of us, because we are made of active parts (cells), which have to become aligned to work together to give rise to a system that has memories, preferences, and goals that don’t belong to any of them. The

Discussion between Robert Prentner, Tim Jackson, and I

a beautiful image symbolizing the interaction between 0-1

These are the most frequently asked questions about my and my lab’s academic work:

Fractal art can be made by testing each point (x,y) in a region of the complex numbers plane to see how soon a given function (in complex numbers) converges on its root, when using the number x+yi as the starting point of a root-finding method. The rate at which it settles on a r

Nature photography in Iceland, in regular light and InfraRed.

Here’s an interesting discussion thread and conversation between Alexey Tolchinsky, a clinical psychologist and Adjunct Professor at The George Washington University, Center for Professional Psychology, Thomas Pollak, a neuropsychiatrist and researcher working at the Institute of

I got a few new IR filters, so here is how my world looks in that light. No post-processing color replacements, just what the filter sees (IRChrome gallery and CandyChrome gallery from Kolari).

I don’t use AI for any writing (yet), but I like to occasionally experiment with the state of the art to see what it can do. Here’s an experiment with large language models.

The understanding that we are essentially collective intelligences – real Selves, but composed of smaller competent agents (not passive parts) has many implications for the notions of “life” and “death”. Some of these are covered in this paper. Here, I wanted to draw some connect

(This is a pre-editing version of the piece in Noēma that came out recently on this somewhat incendiary topic, along with a brief preamble.)

The following is a Keynote I gave at the recent Artificial Life meeting in Japan. It was pretty different from any presentation I’ve given before, although it has connections to everything I often talk about. In this presentation I tried to do 3 things:

Have you ever wondered what the cells of multicellular organisms are really capable of? We know what they normally do in vivo, building default, familiar tissues and organs under the influence of their neighbors during normal embryogenesis. But what would they do if allowed to re

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Photos of animals, insects, plants, and a few other things, mostly at the ocean shore, mostly at sunrise. The red/golden color in some of the shots is how it really looks during a short window in the mornings (no post-processing to change colors).

Photos of birds, mammals, insects, plants, and a few other things, mostly at the ocean shore, mostly at sunrise. The red/golden color in some of the shots is how the water and sky really look; the blue/yellow photos were shot in infrared (no post-processing to change colors in an

Images of sunrise at the ocean, trying to capture interesting light, texture, and a few objects. Also Godzilla. No editing or AI.

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The beauty of Northern California and Oregon, including some Redwoods and ocean (in both normal light and InfraRed)

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Here are some galleries of nature photography, including ones I’ve taken of landscapes, in infrared, and through a microscope.

Normal light and InfraRed photos of water, light, animals, plants, and a few other things.

Plants, water, animals, sunlight. Some in Infrared.

Here is a discussion between Timothy Jackson and Robert Prentner about the theme of non-physical influences of patterns from the Platonic space (related to my recent paper on it) and the philosophical background and history of ideas. Here is their discussion, and a transcript of

The following is another set of questions (in no particular order or organization) that I’ve been asked after talks, in emails, on Twitter, etc. and my attempts to answer (some of the most common are here). I saved these because they are either interesting or because they come up

The following is a set of questions (in no particular order or organization) that I’ve been asked after talks, in emails, on Twitter, etc. and my attempts to answer (some of the most common are here). I saved these because they are either interesting or because they come up a lot

Some interesting quotes on top of my nature photos:

Planarian flatworms are an amazing creature. Here’s a movie of one gliding around (taken by Junji Morokuma, Levin lab):

One (currently un-popular) view in philosophy of mind and cognitive science is that of interactionist dualism: the proposal that the mind is a radically different thing than physical objects and forces, but that it interacts with the physical brain and body to make a functional,

“Ion Channel and Neurotransmitter Modulators as Electroceutical Approaches to the Control of Cancer”

I present to you, some images that Midjourney created from some scientific paper titles. I think maybe this should be required with every paper submission to a journal. Let’s see some of your favorites!

@Veritrope I’d like to chat re. consulting job to make custom Evernote -> DevonThink conversion script. Pls email michael.levin@tufts.edu [](https://i0.wp.com/thoughtforms.life/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/629455556886036480-CLxGfkTWsAAUILA.jpg?ssl=1) Remembrance of brains past

Discussion of Michael Levin, Robert Marsland, and Pavel Chvykov

The typical way to think about embryogenesis (also metamorphosis, regeneration, etc.) is that a group of cells cooperate toward creating and maintaining a specific anatomical outcome (also known as a Target Morphology for a given species). This requires navigating the space of al

Imagine you are studying one of the following four things, and you find a simple mapping of data to English letters that spells out a lengthy message to humanity. Let’s assume for the purpose of this thought experiment that the message is cogent, and long enough that it’s not pos

Many young people are fascinated by the promise of bioelectricity research and email me to ask where they can join a PhD program that focuses on this area. Here is my general advice.

One of the brainstorming tools I like to use is to take two things that are thought to be categorically different and to imagine them as a continuum. What kind of symmetry knob could be rotated gradually to turn one into the other? The ide is to purposely explore the consequences

This short post describes an interesting phenomenon I’ve been puzzled about recently; I’m not a mathematician and perhaps there is an obvious explanation for this that I’m not aware of, but I’ve asked a few professionals and no one has had an answer yet.

Source: https://www.doorknobcomments.com/p/engineering-body-and-mind-with-michael Date: 2025-03-05 Status: fetch-failed

Harvard Publishes a Longevity Report for the General Public

Source: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-leading-edge/202506/expanding-our-understanding-of-life-and-intelligence Date: 2025-06-12 Status: fetch-failed

The concept of a structured space of patterns, which informs (in-forms) events in our physical world (constraining physics, and enabling biology), but exists independently of it, is ancient. Recent work in a number of disciplines have made exploration of this topic timely, and I

Agential material - the subject of engineering (by evolution or by human engineers or by cells or whatever) which is not passive and not even just active or computational, but has a significant degree of autonomy - an agenda, perhaps homeostatic capacity or higher, which it will

Memory, agency, decision-making, choosing, cognition, goal-directedness, life - all of these terms drive energetic arguments. Many scientists, as well as the general public, often have strong feelings about when and how these terms are do be used, but often struggle to give defin

When someone asks me "what do you do?", it's hard to give a short but accurate answer. Maybe "natural philosophy" comes closest, hearkening back to a time where there were fewer artificial boundaries between lines of inquiry. On the one hand, I am a professor of biology. But I do

This is a ~25 minute talk and another ~25 minutes of discussion between Benjamin Lyons (https://benjaminflyons.com/) and myself, about his work to understand the commonalities between economics and collective intelligence in biology. Some links mentioned in the discussion: https

part of an open Q&A raising money for American Humane, November 2024 https://youtu.be/2VoUP-n0BvE To join future discussions, find us at https://www.adventuresinawareness.com/events/ If you would like to support this content, contributions are greatly appreciated at: Patreon: h

This is a ~50 minute conversation between Josh Bongard (https://www.uvm.edu/cems/cs/profiles/josh_bongard), Atoosa Parsa (https://www.atoosaparsa.com/), Richard Watson (https://www.richardawatson.com/), and I on topics of agency, computation, polycomputing, oscillations, selfhood

This is a talk by Benjamin Lyons (~1 hour) on agency within mathematics.

This is the second of several interviews we will do with significant contributors to the field of developmental bioelectricity. Min Zhao's work focused on the role of ion currents and applied electric fields in cell migration and wound repair. https://scholar.google.com/citations

This is a 1 hour talk by Michael Levin to an audience of biomedical engineering students.

This is the first of several interviews we will do with significant people in the history of developmental bioelectricity. Richard Nuccitelli is a legend, having invented (with Lionel Jaffe, in 1974) the Vibrating Probe - a technique that allowed the non-invasive sensing of ion c

This is a ~45 minute talk I gave to some undergraduate students about ideas from biology that might help them think about AI and related topics.

In this episode, John Vervaeke, Gregg Henriques, Michael Levin, and Justin McSweeny come together to discuss the complexities of consciousness, intelligence, and the human condition. The conversation balances between imagination and empirical evidence, introducing cognitive light

This is a ~1 hour talk by Laryssa Albantakis (https://www.psychiatry.wisc.edu/staff/albantakis-larissa/) on causality, agency, autonomy, and consciousness. https://4c-computational.psychiatry.wisc.edu/

This is a ~1 hour discussion with Kevin Mitchell (https://www.kjmitchell.com/), Nick Cheney (https://www.uvm.edu/cems/cs/profiles/nick-cheney), and Ben Hartl (https://allencenter.tufts.edu/benedikt-hartl-ph-d/) on the application of connectionist generative models in understandin

Sponsor message: DO YOU WANT WORK ON ARC with the MindsAI team (current ARC winners)? Interested? Apply for an ML research position: benjamin@tufa.ai Michael Levin runs a lab at Tufts that does things most biologists would call impossible ten years ago. He regrows frog limbs, bu

This is a 1 hour 8 minute talk covering topics of collective intelligence in morphogenesis as a model system for thinking about the origin and scaling of cognition in diverse embodiments.

This is ~1 hour conversation with Daniel McShea (https://scholars.duke.edu/person/dmcshea) and Gunnar Babcock (https://gunnarbabcock.com/) on topics of biology, evolution, information, causation, and ethics in the philosophy of mind.

This is a ~45 min discussion with Benjamin Lyons (https://www.linkedin.com/in/benjamin-lyons-ab46717a) and David Bloomin (https://daveey.github.io/) on topics at the intersection of economics, basal cognition, and deep learning.

This is a ~1hr talk by Anders Garm (https://www1.bio.ku.dk/english/research/mbs/garm-lab/) given in our Center on the behavioral ecology, learning, and neural anatomy of the box jellyfish.

This is a ~1 hour talk by Francis Heylighen (http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/HEYL.html) given at our Center.

This is a ~1 hour talk by Michael Levin, given to the bioengineering department at Northeastern University, on the topic of using bioelectricity as an interface for engineering agential materials. Companion papers are: https://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-022-00001-9 https://p

This is a ~1 hour conversation between Josh Bongard (https://www.uvm.edu/cems/cs/profiles/josh_bongard), Tom Froese (https://www.oist.jp/research/tom-froese), and I on Irruption theory, polycomputing, and the mind-body relationship. Some relevant links from the discussion: Tom's

This is a ~1 hour interview with the great Denis Noble (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Noble), who made seminal contributions to understanding the heartbeat and went on to contribute exciting and counter-paradigm ideas in physiology, evolutionary theory, causation, and other

This is a ~1 hour talk given in our group by Erez Braun, from the Physics department of the Technion, Israel, on the morphogenesis of Hydra and its modulation by external electric fields. Note the remarkable induction of reverse morphogenesis.

This is a 1-hour discussion meeting between Karl Friston, Adam Goldstein, and I talking about how Karl's active inference ideas apply to some work on unexpected behavior in sorting algorithms (https://thoughtforms.life/what-do-algorithms-want-a-new-paper-on-the-emergence-of-surpr

This is a talk I gave at a large tech company for non-specialists interested in the intersection of computation, biology, and fundamental questions about Selfhood. It's about 48 minutes long and unfortunately does not capture my cursor movement so you can't see the things on the

This is a ~15 minute presentation made by a high-school student for a capstone project in his independent study course. This talk covers the results of a survey he designed and deployed about people's attitudes toward unconventional agents such as AI's. The full description is h

"Metaphysics and the Matter with Things: Thinking with Iain McGilchrist was a collaborative conference put on by the Center for Process Studies (CPS) and the California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS) in March of 2024. This three-day conference brought leading process thinke

A 1-hour conversation about our algorithms data (https://thoughtforms.life/what-do-algorithms-want-a-new-paper-on-the-emergence-of-surprising-behavior-in-the-most-unexpected-places/) and how it relates to behavioral policies in minimal and not-so-minimal biological agents.

This is a ~1 hour discussion with Dr. Alex Schmidt (www.schmidtpsychologicalservices.com) and Alexey Tolchinsky, Psy.D. (https://montgomerycountypsychologist.com/). We touch on issues of trauma, somatic memory, dissociation, and protective mechanisms at the interface of the psych

This is ~1 hour conversation with Daniel McShea (https://scholars.duke.edu/person/dmcshea) and Gunnar Babcock (https://gunnarbabcock.com/) on topics of biology, evolution, causation, explanation, and the machine metaphor.

This is a meeting discussion, ~40 minutes, between Tom Froese (Cognitive Scientist at OIST, https://groups.oist.jp/ecsu/tom-froese) and Michael Levin, going over Tom's recent paper on Irruption theory and discussing embodied minds, agency, and models of mind-body interaction. The

This is the second of our series of discussions with key figures in the field of Bioelectricity. Ken Robinson has a long list of accomplishments in this field, covering the role of electric fields in guiding cell migration and more generally the function of electrogenic epithelia

Main episode with Dr. Michael Levin: https://youtu.be/c8iFtaltX-s I personally subscribe to The Economist. TOE listeners get 35% off the annual subscription. No other podcast has this! https://economist.com/TOE New Substack! Follow my personal writings and EARLY ACCESS episode

This is an ~1 hour talk by Michael Levin on the topic of engineering with agential (living) materials, given for the students and other members of the ETHZ Zurich Soft Robotics Lab led by Prof. Robert Katzschmann).

This is a discussion meeting (~1 hour 20 minutes) between Michael Levin and Michael Pollan (https://michaelpollan.com/) of the new ideas in this paper: https://osf.io/preprints/osf/4b2wj

This is a ~55 minute talk titled "Novel Bodies, Unconventional Minds: a diverse intelligence perspective on a continuum of cognition (and consciousness)" by Michael Levin given at the CIFAR (https://cifar.ca/next-generation/cifar-neuroscience-of-consciousness-winter-school/) Neur

This is a ~20 minute chalk-talk by Juan-Carlos Letelier (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=J1zts-cAAAAJ&hl=en), a professor a the Universidad de Chile, at the intersection of neuroscience and the work of Francisco Varela on the foundations of biology.

This is a ~55 min talk by Alexei Sharov (http://alexei.nfshost.com/) and brief discussion of bio-semiotics.

This is a ~1 hour talk on morphogenesis as a collective intelligence and some specifics about cognitive glue.

This is a ~1 hour conversation between Tim Jackson (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Timothy-Jackson-4), Karl Friston (https://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/~karl/), Chris Fields (https://chrisfieldsresearch.com/) and I around the free energy principle, philosophy, evolution, and nov

This is a ~30 minute talk by Rafael Kaufmann, Pranav Gupta, and Jacob Taylor. There is a 30 minute Q&A here: https://thoughtforms.life/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/QA-from-Gupta-Kaufman-Taylor.mp3 ; the paper referred to is: https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/23/7/830 Some more r

This is a 1 hour 12 minute talk presented at the 2nd Symposium on the Philosophy of Computing at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. It covers the ways in which biological computation is different from most of today's computer architectures, and concludes with a differen

This is ~35 minute talk by Joseph Dumit on some very diverse topics, including Warren McCulloch's work, improvisational science, and the lichen lifestyle. The links to papers he referenced and audio of the Q&A session are here: https://thoughtforms.life/a-few-talks-discussions-l

Patreon: https://bit.ly/3v8OhY7 Full Episode: https://youtu.be/lMNJKOgH60E Robinson's Podcast #187 - Michael Levin: The New Era of Cognitive Biorobotics Michael Levin is a Distinguished Professor in the Biology Department at Tufts University, where he holds the Vannevar Bush

This is a ~30 minute talk given in our Center by Nam Hai Le (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=waKh7a8AAAAJ&hl=en), a post-doc with Richard Watson (https://www.richardawatson.com/), with whom we collaborate on issues at the intersection of evolution and cognition. Nam pre

This is a ~45 minute talk given at the Imagining Summit (https://www.artificiality.world/the-imagining-summit/) on Diverse Intelligence and synthbiosis, approaching those topics via communication with cellular collectives in the context of regenerative medicine. The newer materia

This is about a ~45 minute talk by me, focusing specifically on parallels between morphogenesis and cognitive/behavioral science (given to a neuroscience audience).

This is a ~1 hour conversation on topics of consciousness, AI, causation, affect, evolution, and philosophy between Gunnar Babcock (https://cals.cornell.edu/gunnar-babcock), Daniel McShea (https://scholars.duke.edu/person/dmcshea), Mark Solms (https://scholar.google.com/citations

This is a ~1 hour talk+Q&A titled ""Re-thinking the role of cognition in collective and computational mechanisms of information processing" by Theodore Pavlic (https://pavliclab.org/about-the-pi/ , https://search.asu.edu/profile/1995237), covering issues of collective intelligenc

I personally subscribe to The Economist. TOE listeners get 35% off the annual subscription. No other podcast has this! https://economist.com/TOE Main episode with Joscha Bach and Michael Levin (November 2022): https://youtu.be/kgMFnfB5E_A Listen on Spotify: https://open.spotify

This is a ~1 hour 20 minute working meeting conversation between John Vervaeke, Gregg Henriques, Justin McSweeny, and myself; we touch on topics of mind, Selfhood, Platonic spaces, and other ways in which the emerging science of Diverse Intelligence speaks to greater transpersona

This is a ~1 hour talk with Aaron Sloman (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aaron_Sloman), Anthony Leggett (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_James_Leggett), and Chris Fields (https://chrisfieldsresearch.com/). The links to which Aaron refers are: https://cogaffarchive.org/misc

This is a ~1 hour talk and then Q&A by David Eagleman (https://eagleman.sites.stanford.edu/) about augmented perception in humans and other aspects of the brain/body/technology interface.

This is a ~1 hour discussion with Richard Watson (https://www.richardawatson.com/) and Josh Bongard (https://www.uvm.edu/cems/cs/profiles/josh_bongard) touching on topics of agency, polycomputing, oscillations, and evolution.

This is a ~1 hour-long discussion meeting with Stuart Kauffman and Katherine Peil Kauffman. Their two papers referenced in the discussion are: Stu's: https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsfs.2022.0063 Kate's: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.7453/gahmj.2013.058

This is a 1 hour 45 minute talk by Joscha Bach (http://bach.ai/) given in our Center.

A 1-hour talk by Naama Brenner (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=6ksPmnIAAAAJ&hl=iw) on exploratory learning. More info and links to related work are at https://thoughtforms.life/a-talk-given-at-our-center-by-naama-brenner-on-exploratory-learning-in-transcriptional-netw

This is a ~1 hour talk by Peter Fedichev, a physicist interested in aging, of Gero Pharmaceuticals.

This is a ~1 hour talk on linguistics and computation by Douglas Brash (https://medicine.yale.edu/profile/douglas-brash/, https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QHCv7ZIAAAAJ&hl=en).

This is a ~1.5 hour discussion between cognitive scientist Don Hoffman (https://sites.socsci.uci.edu/~ddhoff/HoffmanPubs.html) and evolutionary biologist/computer scientist Richard Watson (https://www.richardawatson.com/), on evolution, physics, time, and the nature of reality.

This is a ~30 minute talk by Christoph Harmel on computational methods to analyze the phenotype of human retinal organoids.

This is a 1-hour conversation with Ali Hanson (https://braininitiative.nih.gov/ali-hanson-md-phd) on her path in science, including a ~45 minute presentation of her data in Hydra. This is the first of a series of videos I will do to highlight some exceptional junior scientists' w

Michael Levin is an American developmental and synthetic biologist at Tufts University, where he is the Vannevar Bush Distinguished Professor. Levin is a director of the Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University and Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology. He is

This is a ~1 hour talk By Cristi Stoica (and very brief commentary by me) on the topic of the Relativity of Computation. Cristi's info: Link to paper: http://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/22880/ Link to source code: https://github.com/CristinelStoica/Partition-all-at-once/ ORCID: htt

This is a ~31 minute talk by Fernando Rosas (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=OZNAs2wAAAAJ&hl=en) and Hardik Rajpal (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=JxVzoGQAAAAJ&hl=en) on ways to measure emergence in biological systems.

This is another episode in our series on the great figures in developmental bioelectricity. We interview (~1 hour) Mustafa Djamgoz, who has made pivotal discoveries about the role of bioelectricity in the problem of cancer and its eventual solution. Mustafa's book: https://www.

Dr. Michael Levin is a developmental and synthetic biologist at Tufts University where he is the Vannevar Bush Distinguished Professor. He is also an associate faculty at the Wyss Institute at Harvard. Michael is a director of the Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University and th

Main episode with Michael Levin (June 2024): https://youtu.be/c8iFtaltX-s Become a YouTube Member Here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdWIQh9DGG6uhJk8eyIFl1w/join Patreon: https://patreon.com/curtjaimungal (early access to ad-free audio episodes!) Listen on Spotify: https:/

This is a ~1 hour working meeting between Timothy Jackson (https://theconversation.com/profiles/timothy-n-w-jackson-115702) and myself, discussing our collaboration on how evolutionary and clinical toxinology connects to diverse intelligence and biomedical hacking.

This is a video about cancer, in the broader context of multiscale complex systems, made by Jordan Strasser - https://www.linkedin.com/in/jordan-strasser-8a2b10180 .

This is a ~1 hour 20 minutes conversation between Bernardo Kastrup (https://www.bernardokastrup.com/), Richatrd Watson (https://www.richardawatson.com/), and me on topics at the intersection of physics, cognition, consciousness, etc.